This investigation is to study the biological activity and preliminary phytochemical screening of Solanum diphyllum L. By using various solvents. The preliminary phytochemical studies show the occurrence of tannins, glycosides, flavonoids, saponins, alkaloids, and steroids. GC-MS analysis reveals important bioactive substances associated with a number of health benefits. GC-MS analysis shows total 12 compounds with respect to their retention time, the FTIR shows a significant functional group between 4000 cm-1 to 600 cm-1with compound class. Antimicrobial activity shows significant activity in the aqueous and methanol extracts, the antimicrobial activities (Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus) fungi (Aspergillus nigar and Aspergillus flavus), exhibiting a substantial zone of inhibition. The IC50 value for methanol and aqueous extract, which measures the antidiabetic activity by α-glucosidase inhibition, with inhibition value (IC50) of 112.25µg/ml and 71.492µg/ml correspondingly. In relative to methanol, the aqueous extract displays a zone of inhibition propensity. The cytotoxic assay shows a significant effect towards the aqueous extract with an IC50 of 454.58 µg/ml against the A549 cell line, and HeLa cells with IC50 of 318.07 µg/ml for methanol. These outcomes imply the potential pharmacological uses of S. diphyllum L. leaf extract.
